Tuesday, December 2, 2008
Tues-Day 1
AP Chem- I just posted a MASSIVE thermochem practice exam that also has a detailed answer key. You can't go wrong if you take this test and correct your errors before Thursday. In addition, I posted a file that contains 5 Thermochem practice worksheets with a basic answer key.
Today, we did a Hess Law question using both methods of solution. We then enhanced the problem with a limiting reactant stoichiometry part as well as a calorimetry and a change in internal energy part.
We will move on to our new unit tomorrow and have our Thermo unit exam on Thursday. MAKE SURE that you know AND understand all thermochemistry units, definitions, algebraic SIGNS, etc.; the ONLY way to be sure that you understand and can apply these items is to DO/SOLVE problems involving them.
Bio 6/7- UNIT EXAM IS ON MONDAY. HW OBJECTIVES ARE DUE ON THURSDAY.
We FURTHER reviewed and clarified the steps involved in ANaerobic respiration/fermentation (both alcoholic and lactic acid types); the first step of breaking bonds in glucose REQUIRES 2 ATP for energy but that reaction, which forms two pyruvic acid molecules, generates 4 ATP molecules for a net GAIN of 2 ATP! For both fermentation types, there is a required SECOND step involving different enzymes that convert pyruvic acid into either alcohol and carbon dioxide OR into lactic acid but NO more ATP (as we discussed just FYI, this last step is necessary to regenerate the NAD+ that is needed for more glucose molecules to be broken down).
We then looked at the three-part process of AEROBIC respiration. The first step, in the cytosol/cytoplasm, is just regular glycolysis, which NETS 2 ATP and 2 pyruvic acid molecules from 1 glucose. The pyruvic acid molecules are Actively TransPorted INTO the mitochondria, where they will be partially broken down into carbon dioxide (which diffuses from the cell and is eventually transported to the lungs via your blood and then breathed out); then the resulting molecules are further broken down in the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN by reacting with OXYGEN to form water and carbon dioxide. These two processes NET 34 more ATP for a total of 36 ATP per one molecule of glucose aerobically respired! That is a much more complete/efficient energy extraction from glucose than is done via fermentation!
We then almost finished our rate of photosynthesis discussion; we will finish that before our respiration lab on Thursday.
Bio 8- UNIT EXAM IS ON MONDAY. HW OBJECTIVES ARE DUE ON THURSDAY.
We FURTHER reviewed and clarified the steps involved in ANaerobic respiration/fermentation (both alcoholic and lactic acid types); the first step of breaking bonds in glucose REQUIRES 2 ATP for energy but that reaction, which forms two pyruvic acid molecules, generates 4 ATP molecules for a net GAIN of 2 ATP! For both fermentation types, there is a required SECOND step involving different enzymes that convert pyruvic acid into either alcohol and carbon dioxide OR into lactic acid but NO more ATP (as we discussed just FYI, this last step is necessary to regenerate the NAD+ that is needed for more glucose molecules to be broken down).
We then looked at the three-part process of AEROBIC respiration. The first step, in the cytosol/cytoplasm, is just regular glycolysis, which NETS 2 ATP and 2 pyruvic acid molecules from 1 glucose. The pyruvic acid molecules are Actively TransPorted INTO the mitochondria, where they will be partially broken down into carbon dioxide (which diffuses from the cell and is eventually transported to the lungs via your blood and then breathed out); then the resulting molecules are further broken down in the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN by reacting with OXYGEN to form water and carbon dioxide. These two processes NET 34 more ATP for a total of 36 ATP per one molecule of glucose aerobically respired! That is a much more complete/efficient energy extraction from glucose than is done via fermentation!
Today, we did a Hess Law question using both methods of solution. We then enhanced the problem with a limiting reactant stoichiometry part as well as a calorimetry and a change in internal energy part.
We will move on to our new unit tomorrow and have our Thermo unit exam on Thursday. MAKE SURE that you know AND understand all thermochemistry units, definitions, algebraic SIGNS, etc.; the ONLY way to be sure that you understand and can apply these items is to DO/SOLVE problems involving them.
Bio 6/7- UNIT EXAM IS ON MONDAY. HW OBJECTIVES ARE DUE ON THURSDAY.
We FURTHER reviewed and clarified the steps involved in ANaerobic respiration/fermentation (both alcoholic and lactic acid types); the first step of breaking bonds in glucose REQUIRES 2 ATP for energy but that reaction, which forms two pyruvic acid molecules, generates 4 ATP molecules for a net GAIN of 2 ATP! For both fermentation types, there is a required SECOND step involving different enzymes that convert pyruvic acid into either alcohol and carbon dioxide OR into lactic acid but NO more ATP (as we discussed just FYI, this last step is necessary to regenerate the NAD+ that is needed for more glucose molecules to be broken down).
We then looked at the three-part process of AEROBIC respiration. The first step, in the cytosol/cytoplasm, is just regular glycolysis, which NETS 2 ATP and 2 pyruvic acid molecules from 1 glucose. The pyruvic acid molecules are Actively TransPorted INTO the mitochondria, where they will be partially broken down into carbon dioxide (which diffuses from the cell and is eventually transported to the lungs via your blood and then breathed out); then the resulting molecules are further broken down in the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN by reacting with OXYGEN to form water and carbon dioxide. These two processes NET 34 more ATP for a total of 36 ATP per one molecule of glucose aerobically respired! That is a much more complete/efficient energy extraction from glucose than is done via fermentation!
We then almost finished our rate of photosynthesis discussion; we will finish that before our respiration lab on Thursday.
Bio 8- UNIT EXAM IS ON MONDAY. HW OBJECTIVES ARE DUE ON THURSDAY.
We FURTHER reviewed and clarified the steps involved in ANaerobic respiration/fermentation (both alcoholic and lactic acid types); the first step of breaking bonds in glucose REQUIRES 2 ATP for energy but that reaction, which forms two pyruvic acid molecules, generates 4 ATP molecules for a net GAIN of 2 ATP! For both fermentation types, there is a required SECOND step involving different enzymes that convert pyruvic acid into either alcohol and carbon dioxide OR into lactic acid but NO more ATP (as we discussed just FYI, this last step is necessary to regenerate the NAD+ that is needed for more glucose molecules to be broken down).
We then looked at the three-part process of AEROBIC respiration. The first step, in the cytosol/cytoplasm, is just regular glycolysis, which NETS 2 ATP and 2 pyruvic acid molecules from 1 glucose. The pyruvic acid molecules are Actively TransPorted INTO the mitochondria, where they will be partially broken down into carbon dioxide (which diffuses from the cell and is eventually transported to the lungs via your blood and then breathed out); then the resulting molecules are further broken down in the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN by reacting with OXYGEN to form water and carbon dioxide. These two processes NET 34 more ATP for a total of 36 ATP per one molecule of glucose aerobically respired! That is a much more complete/efficient energy extraction from glucose than is done via fermentation!
# posted by C @ 11:18 AM 
