Monday, December 1, 2008
Mon-Day 2
Welcome back from Thanksgiving Vacation! Thanks for getting right back into action.
AP Chem- we discussed general strategies for the two permutations of Hess Law problems and then we applied a strategy to a sample problem.
We reviewed the meaning of a "heat of formation" reaction in which you MUST form only ONE mole of the desired product from ITS elements in their MOST stable form under standard conditions.
We then used the energy change calculated from the earlier part of the question to determine what temperature change that would be expected in a calorimeter containing a given quantity of water.
Remember, sometimes the calorimeter heat capacity will be given separate from its contents (usually water is the energy absorbing material) so you will have to ADD the energy absorbed by the calorimeter ( C x delta T ) TO the energy absorbed by the water in the calorimeter
( m x c x delta T) and set that sum equal to (but opposite in sign) the energy released by the (reacting) system.
Bio 6- we continued with our second half of the unit: Cellular Respiration.
We discussed the two general types of respiration, aerobic (uses oxygen) and anaerobic (no oxygen used).
We then looked at the TWO types of ANaerobic respiration: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Both of these types of anaerobic respiration only produce/yield/net/form 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is fermented.
We saw that each of these enzyme-mediated processes starts with glucose being broken/hydrolyzed into two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules; it is during this step that a net of 2 ATP (energy-containing) molecules are formed.
In alcoholic fermentation, the pyruvic acid is further broken down (with the aid of specific enzymes) to ethanol and carbon dioxide without the production of any more ATP- we saw that the purpose of this step: to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
In lactic acid fermentation, the pyruvic acid is converted to a different 3-carbon molecule (lactic acid) without the production of any more ATP. Again, this step is necessary in order toregenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
Tomorrow, we will focus on AEROBIC cellular respiration.
Bio 7/8- we continued with our second half of the unit: Cellular Respiration.
We discussed the two general types of respiration, aerobic (uses oxygen) and anaerobic (no oxygen used).
We then looked at the TWO types of ANaerobic respiration: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Both of these types of anaerobic respiration only produce/yield/net/form 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is fermented.
We saw that each of these enzyme-mediated processes starts with glucose being broken/hydrolyzed into two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules; it is during this step that a net of 2 ATP (energy-containing) molecules are formed.
In alcoholic fermentation, the pyruvic acid is further broken down (with the aid of specific enzymes) to ethanol and carbon dioxide without the production of any more ATP- we saw that the purpose of this step: to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
In lactic acid fermentation, the pyruvic acid is converted to a different 3-carbon molecule (lactic acid) without the production of any more ATP. Again, this step is necessary in order to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
We began our discussion of AEROBIC cellular respiration, which we will continue with tomorrow.
We then tried to complete our (troublesome) factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis lab.
We will discuss this and wrap it up on Wednesday before we do a different lab.
AP Chem- we discussed general strategies for the two permutations of Hess Law problems and then we applied a strategy to a sample problem.
We reviewed the meaning of a "heat of formation" reaction in which you MUST form only ONE mole of the desired product from ITS elements in their MOST stable form under standard conditions.
We then used the energy change calculated from the earlier part of the question to determine what temperature change that would be expected in a calorimeter containing a given quantity of water.
Remember, sometimes the calorimeter heat capacity will be given separate from its contents (usually water is the energy absorbing material) so you will have to ADD the energy absorbed by the calorimeter ( C x delta T ) TO the energy absorbed by the water in the calorimeter
( m x c x delta T) and set that sum equal to (but opposite in sign) the energy released by the (reacting) system.
Bio 6- we continued with our second half of the unit: Cellular Respiration.
We discussed the two general types of respiration, aerobic (uses oxygen) and anaerobic (no oxygen used).
We then looked at the TWO types of ANaerobic respiration: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Both of these types of anaerobic respiration only produce/yield/net/form 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is fermented.
We saw that each of these enzyme-mediated processes starts with glucose being broken/hydrolyzed into two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules; it is during this step that a net of 2 ATP (energy-containing) molecules are formed.
In alcoholic fermentation, the pyruvic acid is further broken down (with the aid of specific enzymes) to ethanol and carbon dioxide without the production of any more ATP- we saw that the purpose of this step: to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
In lactic acid fermentation, the pyruvic acid is converted to a different 3-carbon molecule (lactic acid) without the production of any more ATP. Again, this step is necessary in order toregenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
Tomorrow, we will focus on AEROBIC cellular respiration.
Bio 7/8- we continued with our second half of the unit: Cellular Respiration.
We discussed the two general types of respiration, aerobic (uses oxygen) and anaerobic (no oxygen used).
We then looked at the TWO types of ANaerobic respiration: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Both of these types of anaerobic respiration only produce/yield/net/form 2 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose that is fermented.
We saw that each of these enzyme-mediated processes starts with glucose being broken/hydrolyzed into two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules; it is during this step that a net of 2 ATP (energy-containing) molecules are formed.
In alcoholic fermentation, the pyruvic acid is further broken down (with the aid of specific enzymes) to ethanol and carbon dioxide without the production of any more ATP- we saw that the purpose of this step: to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
In lactic acid fermentation, the pyruvic acid is converted to a different 3-carbon molecule (lactic acid) without the production of any more ATP. Again, this step is necessary in order to regenerate NAD+ so that the next glucose molecule can undergo glycolysis.
We began our discussion of AEROBIC cellular respiration, which we will continue with tomorrow.
We then tried to complete our (troublesome) factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis lab.
We will discuss this and wrap it up on Wednesday before we do a different lab.
# posted by C @ 12:54 PM 
