Wednesday, February 6, 2008
Wednes-Day 1
Bio- HW: due Friday, outline the remaining parts of Section 39.2
we continued our discussion of the two different ways to get/ACQUIRE immunity: ACTIVE immunity and PASSIVE immunity. We focused on getting active immunity via vaccination. Ultimately, a vaccine works by causing the production of memory cells that can make antibodies that are SPECIFIC to the particular microbe/antigens that are contained in the vaccine. Vaccines do involve some health risks but these risks can be lessened by making the vaccine from dead microbes or just parts of the membrane or protein coat of the microbe that contain a protein-antigen.
We discussed PASSIVE immunity, which gives a person TEMPORARY/short-lived immunity to a given pathogen via the injection or ingestion of antibodies (from another person or organism)that specifically bind to the given pathogen. The three common examples of passive immunity are:
1. transfer of antibodies from mother's blood plasma to her baby's blood plasma via the placenta; the mother makes the antibodies, gets them to the baby, who will have temporary immunity until those antibodies are broken down within a few months
2. ingestion of antibodies contained in breast milk as an infant nurses.
3. injection of antibodies (this is NOT a VACCINE!) that were made in one organism into the blood of another organism.
We started to discuss the failures to maintain homeostasis of the immune system:
allergies, cancer, and AIDS are the most important maladies of the immune system.
Chem 7- we continued with functional groups, focusing on amines and amides.
Amine names end in "amine" and amide names end in "amide". The rest of the name is based on the number of carbons in the chain attached to the N.
We then looked at the benzene and then looked at derivatives of benzene/phenyl rings; most complex biological molecules (vitamins, hormones, neurotransmitters)consist of a skeleton of benzene-like phenyl rings that have various functional groups attached.
We then looked at two of the six major organic chemical reactions: substitution and addition. It is important and not difficult to SEE the difference between a substitution and an addition reaction. It is important to draw the reactant molecules so that you can see what bonds are broken and what bonds form.
Chem 8/9- we finished our discussion of aldehydes and ketones by comparing and contrasting them. Aldehydes and ketones can easily be isomers of each other: just take any ketone and move the C=O (carbonyl) group to the END of the molecule and you will have an ALDEHYDE with the same chemical formula as the ketone.
We continued with functional groups, focusing on amines and amides.
Amine names end in "amine" and amide names end in "amide". The rest of the name is based on the number of carbons in the chain attached to the N.
We then looked at the benzene and then looked at derivatives of benzene/phenyl rings; most complex biological molecules (vitamins, hormones, neurotransmitters)consist of a skeleton of benzene-like phenyl rings that have various functional groups attached.
We then did a lab activity in which you drew, named, and identified various organic molecules. We will continue this activity on Friday.
we continued our discussion of the two different ways to get/ACQUIRE immunity: ACTIVE immunity and PASSIVE immunity. We focused on getting active immunity via vaccination. Ultimately, a vaccine works by causing the production of memory cells that can make antibodies that are SPECIFIC to the particular microbe/antigens that are contained in the vaccine. Vaccines do involve some health risks but these risks can be lessened by making the vaccine from dead microbes or just parts of the membrane or protein coat of the microbe that contain a protein-antigen.
We discussed PASSIVE immunity, which gives a person TEMPORARY/short-lived immunity to a given pathogen via the injection or ingestion of antibodies (from another person or organism)that specifically bind to the given pathogen. The three common examples of passive immunity are:
1. transfer of antibodies from mother's blood plasma to her baby's blood plasma via the placenta; the mother makes the antibodies, gets them to the baby, who will have temporary immunity until those antibodies are broken down within a few months
2. ingestion of antibodies contained in breast milk as an infant nurses.
3. injection of antibodies (this is NOT a VACCINE!) that were made in one organism into the blood of another organism.
We started to discuss the failures to maintain homeostasis of the immune system:
allergies, cancer, and AIDS are the most important maladies of the immune system.
Chem 7- we continued with functional groups, focusing on amines and amides.
Amine names end in "amine" and amide names end in "amide". The rest of the name is based on the number of carbons in the chain attached to the N.
We then looked at the benzene and then looked at derivatives of benzene/phenyl rings; most complex biological molecules (vitamins, hormones, neurotransmitters)consist of a skeleton of benzene-like phenyl rings that have various functional groups attached.
We then looked at two of the six major organic chemical reactions: substitution and addition. It is important and not difficult to SEE the difference between a substitution and an addition reaction. It is important to draw the reactant molecules so that you can see what bonds are broken and what bonds form.
Chem 8/9- we finished our discussion of aldehydes and ketones by comparing and contrasting them. Aldehydes and ketones can easily be isomers of each other: just take any ketone and move the C=O (carbonyl) group to the END of the molecule and you will have an ALDEHYDE with the same chemical formula as the ketone.
We continued with functional groups, focusing on amines and amides.
Amine names end in "amine" and amide names end in "amide". The rest of the name is based on the number of carbons in the chain attached to the N.
We then looked at the benzene and then looked at derivatives of benzene/phenyl rings; most complex biological molecules (vitamins, hormones, neurotransmitters)consist of a skeleton of benzene-like phenyl rings that have various functional groups attached.
We then did a lab activity in which you drew, named, and identified various organic molecules. We will continue this activity on Friday.
# posted by C @ 11:59 AM 
