Thursday, October 2, 2008
Thurs-Day 1
AP Chem- Today, for most of you, was your introduction to truly UNDERSTANDING chemistry; it can actually make sense now!
We began the logical explanation of ALL atomic periodic trends and most chemical phenomena by defining and applying THREE FACTORS that all stem from COULOMB'S LAW.
Coulomb's Law states that electrostatic force between two particles is proportional to the quantity of charge on each particle and INVERSELY proportional to the SQUARE of the distance between the two particles. In English, the more highly charged the ion or number of protons, the greater the electrostatic force from them and, the greater the distance between two charged particles, the LESSER the electrostatic force between them.
We applied this law to explain how increasing Zeff (effective nuclear charge, Z-S) causes a greater attraction on an electron and how an increasing number of OPEL's (OCCUPIED-by electrons-principal energy levels) will increase distance of valence electrons from the nucleus and thus decrease nuclear attraction on these electrons. We also saw that electron-electron repulsion within a given PEL/shell can cause electrons to "spread out" and increase the size of an anion.
We explained the trends in atomic radius across a period (from left to right) and down a group; we even explained the LACK of change in atomic radius across the transition metals part of a period.
We explained the trend in ionic radius for metals: ALL metal cations are SMALLER than their "parent" atoms and ALL nonmetal ANIONS are LARGER than their "parent" atoms.
We defined the term "isoelectronic" and saw how to compare the sizes of isoelectronic particles.
Tomorrow, I have to very briefly talk about the "Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle", which is philosophically astounding, because I forgot to describe it on Friday. Remind me if you can, thanks!
Bio 6/7- we introduced our new unit on Cells and Cell Processes. We discussed the basic unit of all living things and also the difference between a live and dead organism at most fundamental molecular level! Living things are vast collections of ORGANIZED organic and inorganic molecules! Dead things have a less coordinated and organized collection of these molecules. Non-living things, no matter how organized, are NOT made up of the molecules organized as CELLS!
We then continued to work on our lab write-ups.
Bio 8- we introduced our new unit on Cells and Cell Processes. We discussed the basic unit of all living things and also the difference between a live and dead organism at most fundamental molecular level! Living things are vast collections of ORGANIZED organic and inorganic molecules! Dead things have a less coordinated and organized collection of these molecules. Non-living things, no matter how organized, are NOT made up of the molecules organized as CELLS!
We began the logical explanation of ALL atomic periodic trends and most chemical phenomena by defining and applying THREE FACTORS that all stem from COULOMB'S LAW.
Coulomb's Law states that electrostatic force between two particles is proportional to the quantity of charge on each particle and INVERSELY proportional to the SQUARE of the distance between the two particles. In English, the more highly charged the ion or number of protons, the greater the electrostatic force from them and, the greater the distance between two charged particles, the LESSER the electrostatic force between them.
We applied this law to explain how increasing Zeff (effective nuclear charge, Z-S) causes a greater attraction on an electron and how an increasing number of OPEL's (OCCUPIED-by electrons-principal energy levels) will increase distance of valence electrons from the nucleus and thus decrease nuclear attraction on these electrons. We also saw that electron-electron repulsion within a given PEL/shell can cause electrons to "spread out" and increase the size of an anion.
We explained the trends in atomic radius across a period (from left to right) and down a group; we even explained the LACK of change in atomic radius across the transition metals part of a period.
We explained the trend in ionic radius for metals: ALL metal cations are SMALLER than their "parent" atoms and ALL nonmetal ANIONS are LARGER than their "parent" atoms.
We defined the term "isoelectronic" and saw how to compare the sizes of isoelectronic particles.
Tomorrow, I have to very briefly talk about the "Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle", which is philosophically astounding, because I forgot to describe it on Friday. Remind me if you can, thanks!
Bio 6/7- we introduced our new unit on Cells and Cell Processes. We discussed the basic unit of all living things and also the difference between a live and dead organism at most fundamental molecular level! Living things are vast collections of ORGANIZED organic and inorganic molecules! Dead things have a less coordinated and organized collection of these molecules. Non-living things, no matter how organized, are NOT made up of the molecules organized as CELLS!
We then continued to work on our lab write-ups.
Bio 8- we introduced our new unit on Cells and Cell Processes. We discussed the basic unit of all living things and also the difference between a live and dead organism at most fundamental molecular level! Living things are vast collections of ORGANIZED organic and inorganic molecules! Dead things have a less coordinated and organized collection of these molecules. Non-living things, no matter how organized, are NOT made up of the molecules organized as CELLS!
# posted by C @ 3:23 PM 
